【摘要】

【摘要】目的 探讨抑郁症严重程度对认知功能及事件相关电位（ERP-P300）的影响。
方法 选择本院2018年2月-2020年2月84例抑郁症患者，根据汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)≥24分及＜24分设为重度组以及轻中度组，分别为28例与56例，同期选择一般资料相匹配的40例健康人群设为对照组。采用重复性成套神经心理状态测验(RBANS)评价认知功能，测定ERP-P300 P3a、P3b、N2的波幅与潜伏期，并分析各指标的相关性。
结果 重度组HAMD评分显著高于轻中度组与对照组，轻中度组显著高于对照组，RBANS各维度以及总分均显著低于轻中度组与对照组，轻中度组显著低于对照组，（P<0.05）；重度组P3a、P3b、N2的波幅显著低于轻中度组与对照组，轻中度组显著低于对照组，潜伏期显著高于轻中度组与对照组，轻中度组显著高于对照组，（P<0.05）；HAMD评分与RBANS评分呈显著负相关，HAMD评分与P3a、P3b、N2波幅呈负相关，与P3a、P3b、N2潜伏期呈正相关，RBANS评分与P3a、P3b、N2波幅呈正相关，与P3a、P3b、N2潜伏期呈负相关，（P<0.05）。
结论 抑郁症患者均存在不同程度的认知功能损害，且抑郁程度越高其认知功能损害越严重，ERP-P300可反映抑郁症认知功能损害情况。

【Abstract】

[Abstract] Objective To explore the impact of the severity of depression on cognitive function and event-related potentials (ERP-P300).
Methods Eighty-four patients with depression in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected. According to the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) ≥24 points and <24 points, they were set as the severe group and the mild-moderate group, with 28 cases and 56 cases respectively. During the same period, 40 healthy people matched with general data were selected as the control group. The repetitive neuropsychological status test (RBANS) was used to evaluate cognitive function, to measure the amplitude and latency of ERP-P300 P3a, P3b, and N2, and to analyze the correlation of each index.
Results The HAMD score of the severe group was significantly higher than that of the mild-moderate group and the control group, and the light-moderate group was significantly higher than the control group. The dimensions and total scores of RBANS were significantly lower than the mild-moderate group and the control group. The mild-moderate group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). The amplitude of P3a, P3b, and N2 in the severe group was significantly lower than that of the mild-moderate group and the control group, the mild-moderate group was significantly lower than the control group, the incubation period was significantly higher than the mild-moderate group and the control group, and the mild-moderate group was significantly higher than the control Group (P<0.05). HAMD score is significantly negatively correlated with RBANS score, HAMD score is negatively correlated with P3a, P3b, and N2 amplitude, and positively correlated with P3a, P3b, and N2 latency. RBANS score is positively correlated with P3a, P3b, and N2 amplitude, and is positively correlated with P3a, P3b, and P3b. N2 latency was negatively correlated (P<0.05).
Conclusion   Patients with depression have different degrees of cognitive impairment, and the higher the degree of depression, the more severe the cognitive impairment. ERP-P300 can reflect the cognitive impairment of depression.