摘要

目的：探讨轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）老年人群饮茶习惯与认知功能、抑郁情绪、血清维生素D及炎性因子水平的相关性，为临床干预提供理论基础。

方法： 2023年2月-2023年8月在社区老人展开筛查，入组315例MCI受试者，采血测量维生素D、IL-6、TNF-α水平，其中非饮茶组149人和饮茶组166人，比较两组一般情况、简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、老年抑郁量表（GDS）、流调用抑郁自评量表(CES-D)分数及维生素D、炎性因子水平差异。

结果：与非饮茶组相比，饮茶组MMSE的即刻记忆[9.00(8.00,10.00)分vs.10.00(9.00,10.00)分]，计算[3.00(1.00,5.00)分vs.5.00(3.00,5.00)分]，复述[1.00(0.00,1.00)分vs.1.00(0.00,1.00)分]，结构[0.00(0.00,1.00)分vs.0.00(0.00,1.00)分]，总分[（23.52±3.567）分vs.(25.12±3.162)分]，MoCA视空间[2.00(1.00,3.00)分vs.3.00(2.00,4.00)分]，命名[2.00(1.50,3.00)分vs.3.00(2.00,3.00)分]，注意力[5.00(4.00,6.00)分vs.5.00(5.00,6.00)分]，语言[1.00(1.00,2.00)分vs.2.00(1.00,2.00)分]，总分[(17.60±4.273)分vs.(19.38±3.665)分]明显增高（均P<0.05）。饮茶组GDS总分[8.00(6.00,11.00)分vs.6.00(3.00,9.00)分]、CES-D总分[12.00(10.00,16.00)分vs.11.00(9.00,14.00)分]明显降低（P<0.05）。饮茶组维生素D3水平[（24.45±6.050）ng/ml vs.(26.69±7.698)ng/ml]、维生素D总水平[（25.23±6.602）ng/ml vs.(27.53±7.665)ng/ml]明显升高，IL-6水平[1.50(1.00,3.77)ng/L vs.1.50(1.00,2.12)ng/L]、TNF-α水平[9.73(6.73,14.50)ng/L vs.8.77(5.93,11.44)ng/L]明显降低。饮茶与性别、文化程度、吸烟、吃鱼、抑郁情绪、TNF-α、MMSE量表注意力、复述能力、MoCA命名能力存在回归关系(P<0.05)。

结论：MCI人群饮茶习惯与认知功能、抑郁情绪、维生素D水平及炎性因子存在相关关系。

关键词：饮茶；轻度认知障碍；维生素D；认知功能；抑郁；免疫

ABSTRACT

Objective: To explore the correlation between tea drinking habits and cognitive function, depressive mood, serum vitamin D and inflammatory factor levels in elderly people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to provide theoretical basis for clinical intervention.

Methods: From February 2023 to August 2023, the elderly people in the community were screened, and 315 MCI subjects were enrolled and blood samples were collected to measure the levels of vitamin D, IL-6 and TNF-α, including 149 people in the non-tea drinking group and 166 people in the tea drinking group. The differences of general conditions, scores of the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Gerogenic Depression Scale (GDS), the centre for epidemiological studies depression scale (CES-D) and the levels of vitamin D and inflammatory factors were compared between the two groups. Result: Compared with non-tea drinking group, immediate memory of MMSE in tea drinking group [9.00(8.00,10.00) score vs.10.00(9.00,10.00) score], calculation [3.00(1.00,5.00) score vs.5.00(3.00,5.00) score], retell [1.00 (0.00, 1.00) vs. 1.00 (0.00, 1.00)], structure [0.00 (0.00, 1.00) vs. 0.00 (0.00, 1.00)], total [(23.52-3.567) vs. (25.12-3.162)], visual space of MoCA [2.00 (1.00, 3.00) vs. 3.00 (2.00, 4.00)], name [2.00 (1.50, 3.00) vs. 3.00 (2.00, 3.00)]. attention [5.00 (4.00, 6.00) vs. 5.00 (5.00, 6.00)], language [1.00 (1.00, 2.00) vs. 2.00 (1.00, 2.00)]. The total score [(17.60±4.273) vs.(19.38±3.665)] was significantly higher (P< 0.05). GDS score of tea drinking group [8.00 (6.00, 11.00) vs. 6.00 (3.00, 9.00)], total score on CES-D [12.00 (10.00, 16.00) vs. 11.00 (9.00, 14.00)] obviously decrease (P< 0.05). Vitamin D3 level [(24.45±6.050)ng/ml vs.(26.69±7.698)ng/ml] and total vitamin D level [(25.23±6.602)ng/ml vs.(27.53±7.665)ng/ml] in tea drinking group were significantly increased. IL-6 level [1.50 (1.00, 3.77) ng/L vs. 1.50(1.00, 2.12)ng/L], TNF alpha level [9.73(6.73, 14.50), ng/L vs. 8.77(5.93, 11.44)ng/L] is decreased significantly. There were regression relationships between tea drinking and gender, education level, smoking, fish eating, depression, TNF-α, MMSE scale attention, paraphrase ability and MoCA naming ability (P< 0.05).

Conclusion  : Tea drinking habits in MCI population are correlated with cognitive function, depression, vitamin D level and inflammatory factors.

Key words: tea; MCI; vitamin D; cognitive function; depression; immunity