国际精神病学杂志--大牛智慧平台

• 文章 •

医务人员心理健康调查及其影响因素

张宸韬,李清伟,傅燚

* 通信作者：李清伟 单位：上海市精神卫生中心 200030

摘要

目的探究医务人员心理健康状态及影响因素，为干预策略提供依据。

方法： 2021年11月21日至2022年3月1日，通过医院自主研发微信小程序“和畅性情”收集259名医务人员的人口学资料，并采用7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表、16项抑郁症状快速评定量表、患者健康问卷躯体症状严重程度量表-15、职业倦怠量表行业服务表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表进行心理健康线上评估。所有数据进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。

结果：焦虑、抑郁、躯体症状、职业倦怠（情绪耗竭、去人性化、低个人成就感）、睡眠障碍的检出率分别为30.5%、46.7%、53.8%、（11.2%、6.9%、24.7%）、52.5%。多因素Logistic

结果显示，未婚、咖啡依赖、健康自评一般为焦虑风险因素；离异或丧偶、医技人员为抑郁风险因素；女性、咖啡依赖、健康自评一般、躯体疾病为躯体症状风险因素；高学历为职业倦怠（低个人成就感）风险因素；健康自评不良为睡眠障碍的风险因素（P＜0.05）。

结论：医务人员普遍存在焦虑、抑郁、躯体症状、职业倦怠和睡眠问题。婚姻情况、职称、文化程度、咖啡依赖、人际关系、健康状况等是医务人员心理健康潜在风险因素。

关键词：医务人员；心理健康；职业倦怠；影响因素

ABSTRACT

Objective To explore the mental health status and influencing factors of medical staff and provide a basis for intervention strategies.

Methods From November 21, 2021, to March 1, 2022,the demographic data of 259 medical staff were collected through the the hospital's self-developed WeChat program "Harmonious Mood" , and their mental health was evaluated online using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms(QIDS-SR16),the Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic Symptom Severity Scale-15(PHQ-15),the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey(MBI-HSS),and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI).Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Results The detection rates of anxiety, de-pression, physical symptoms, job burnout (emotional exhaustion, dehumanization, low personal satisfaction), and sleep disorders were 30.5%, 46.7%, 53.8%, (11.2%, 6.9%, 24.7%), and 52.5% respectively. The results of multivariate Logistic regression showed that being unmarried, coffee dependence, and self-assessment of health were risk factors for anxiety; divorce or widowhood, and medical technical personnel were risk factors for depression; being female, coffee dependence, self-assessment of health being average, and physical illness were risk factors for physical symptoms; high education level was a risk factor for job burnout (low personal satisfaction); poor self-assessment of health was a risk factor for sleep disorders (P＜0.05).

Conclusion Medical staff commonly suffer from anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, job burnout, and sleep problems. Marital status, professional title, education level, coffee dependence, interpersonal relationships, and health status are potential risk factors for mental health issues.

Key words: Medical Staff; Mental Health; Job Burnout; Influencing Factors

引用本文 / How to Cite This Article

张宸韬,李清伟,傅燚.医务人员心理健康调查及其影响因素[J]. 国际精神病学杂志, 2026, 53(3): 936-940

参考文献

[1] [1] MA S, XU X, TRIGO V, et al. Doctor-patient relationships (DPR) in China [J][J]. J Health Organ Manag, 2017, 31(1): 110-24.

[2] [2] 徐新华, 赵天力, 胡建国. 综合医院医生心理健康状况调查 [J][J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2006, (03): 324-5.

[3] [3] GONG Y, HAN T, CHEN W, et al. Prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms and related risk factors among physicians in China: a cross-sectional study [J][J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(7): e103242-.

[4] [4] BRIDGEMAN P J, BRIDGEMAN M B, BARONE J. Burnout syndrome among healthcare professionals [J][J]. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2018, 75(3): 147-52.

[5] [5] LO D, WU F, CHAN M, et al. A systematic review of burnout among doctors in China: a cultural perspective [J][J]. Asia Pac Fam Med, 2018, 17(): 3-.

[6] [6] SPITZER R L, KROENKE K, WILLIAMS J B, et al. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7 [J][J]. Arch Intern Med, 2006, 166(10): 1092-7.

[7] [7] RUSH A J, TRIVEDI M H, IBRAHIM H M, et al. The 16-Item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS), clinician rating (QIDS-C), and self-report (QIDS-SR): a psychometric evaluation in patients with chronic major depression [J][J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(5): 573-83.

[8] [8] KROENKE K, SPITZER R L, WILLIAMS J B. The PHQ-15: validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms [J][J]. Psychosom Med, 2002, 64(2): 258-66.

[9] [9] MASLACH C, SCHAUFELI W B, LEITER M P. Job burnout [J][J]. Annu Rev Psychol, 2001, 52(): 397-422.

[10] [10] BUYSSE D J, REYNOLDS C F, 3RD, MONK T H, et al. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research [J][J]. Psychiatry Res, 1989, 28(2): 193-213.

[11] [11] CAO W, FANG Z, HOU G, et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China [J][J]. Psychiatry Res, 2020, 287(): 112934-.

[12] [12] GONZÁLEZ-SANGUINO C, AUSÍN B, CASTELLANOS M, et al. Mental health consequences during the initial stage of the 2020 Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain [J][J]. Brain Behav Immun, 2020, 87(): 172-6.

[13] [13] LAI J, MA S, WANG Y, et al. Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019 [J][J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2020, 3(3): e203976-.

[14] [14] SHECHTER A, DIAZ F, MOISE N, et al. Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic [J][J]. Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2020, 66(): 1-8.

[15] [15] AUSÍN B, MUÑOZ M, CASTELLANOS M A. Loneliness, Sociodemographic and Mental Health Variables in Spanish Adults over 65 Years Old [J][J]. Span J Psychol, 2017, 20(): E46-.

[16] [16] NI J, WANG F, LIU Y, et al. Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Chinese Health Care Workers: Cross-Sectional Survey Study [J][J]. JMIR Ment Health, 2021, 8(1): e23125-.

[17] [17] LIXIA W, XIAOMING X, LEI S, et al. A cross-sectional study of the psychological status of 33,706 hospital workers at the late stage of the COVID-19 outbreak [J][J]. J Affect Disord, 2022, 297(): 156-68.

[18] [18] ORESKOVICH M R, SHANAFELT T, DYRBYE L N, et al. The prevalence of substance use disorders in American physicians [J][J]. Am J Addict, 2015, 24(1): 30-8.

[19] [19] WURM W, VOGEL K, HOLL A, et al. Depression-Burnout Overlap in Physicians [J][J]. PLoS One, 2016, 11(3): e0149913-.

[20] [20] STEWART N H, ARORA V M. The Impact of Sleep and Circadian Disorders on Physician Burnout [J][J]. Chest, 2019, 156(5): 1022-30.

[21] [21] BARSKY A J, PEEKNA H M, BORUS J F. Somatic symptom reporting in women and men [J][J]. J Gen Intern Med, 2001, 16(4): 266-75.

[22] [22] HALBREICH U, KAHN L S. Atypical depression, somatic depression and anxious depression in women: are they gender-preferred phenotypes? [J][J]. J Affect Disord, 2007, 102(1-3): 245-58.

标题作者
文章摘要
参考文献
引用本文
相关文章

PDF 全文下载

浏览量

544

PDF下载量